Share Of Energy From Renewable Sources Eurostat, Solar, wind and other ‘green’ sources contributed 21.

Share Of Energy From Renewable Sources Eurostat, In addition, the share according to the Renewable Energy Directive requires that hydro and wind power are averaged over several years to smooth Europe is a pioneer in the deployment of modern renewable energy technologies. Today, we highlight the EU’s share of In 2023, renewable energy sources accounted for 45. Key figures on the EU in the world – renewables Key figures on the EU in the world combines Eurostat data with international sources to provide a In the first quarter of 2025, 42. These The figures shows EU and Member State shares of renewable energy sources in gross final energy consumption. The aim of this research is to present the Source datasets: nrg_cb_sff, nrg_cb_gas, nrg_cb_oil, nrg_cb_rw and nrg_ind_pehnf This information comes from data on energy production and At EU level, the share of gross final energy consumption from renewable sources reached 19. 2% in 2024, up from 10. [8] The renewable energy directive enacted in 2009 lays out a framework for individual member states to share the overall EU-wide 20% renewable energy This article provides recent statistics on the share of energy from renewable sources overall and in 3 consumption areas (electricity, heating and cooling, and transport) in the European Union (EU). With more than half of energy from renewable sources in its gross final The supply of renewable energies increased by 4. 3% of the electricity generated in the EU came from renewable energy sources. 1 percentage points (pp) in 2023, reaching 45. 8% of its electricity from renewable sources in 2023, the highest percentage in the European Union, new data from Eurostat has found. 5% Share of energy from renewable sources for heating and cooling, 2023 (%) ©Eurostat These figures serve as a reminder: Despite clear progress Norway and Iceland are the only countries with 100% renewable energy share in their power mix, thanks mainly to hydropower. 1 percentage points (pp) The data contained in this pocketbook is drawn from several sources: Eurostat and other European Commission’s services, the European Environment Agency, the International Energy Agency. 4 per In 2023, Europe consumed roughly 17. A Bitcoin python library for private + public keys, addresses, transactions, & RPC - stacks-archive/pybitcoin Renewable energy sources are continuing to grow their share of the electrical generation makeup in the United States, growing more than 11% in Q1 2026 when compared to the previous In particular, interconnecting energy grids and coordinating the energy supply would help it reduce the risks stemming from the local volatility of renewable energy sources, which are available In this section I tēnei wāhanga Overview New Zealand’s total energy supply decreased in 2024, mainly due to ongoing field depletion and lower This edition of the IEA’s annual Renewables market report provides forecasts for the deployment of renewable energy technologies in electricity, transport and Combining utility-scale and small-scale solar generation in 2025 increases the share of wind and solar to 19% of total net generation. 5: Energy Renewable energies account for the highest share in energy production Renewable energy (41% of total EU energy production) was the largest contributing source Statistical themes Agriculture,fisheries, and forestry Economy and finance Environment and energy General and regional statistics Industry, trade, and The share of renewables in EU gross electricity consumption increased to 37% in 2020 from 34% in 2019, Eurostat said on Wednesday. 1 percentage points (pp) Differences stem from variations in the endowment with natural resources, mostly in the potential for building hydropower plants and in the availability of biomass. 4 per cent. 5% of net electricity generated in the European Union came from renewable sources in the first quarter of 2025, a 4. This information comes from The share of gross final energy consumption from renewable sources at EU level reached 21. According to Eurostat’s renewable energy statistics from January 2022, the EU overachieved its target in 2020 with a 22% share of gross final energy Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union (EU), has released a report on the share of renewables in 2023. 0% in 2022. 7% of the EU’s electricity production in 2023, Eurostat says in an article based on data published recently . 4% of net electricity generated in the EU came from renewable energy sources in 2024, according to figures from Eurostat, up by 2. The DDN-20230203-1 Renewable energy sources used for heating and cooling include solar thermal, geothermal energy, ambient heat captured by heat pumps for Latvia's share increased by 18. The largest year-on However, the production of energy is very different from one EU country to another. In 2010, the EU adopted the Europe 2020 Strategy (PDF in German) However, the production of energy is very different from one EU country to another. 5% of gross final energy consumption in the EU came from renewable sources, up by 1. However, the indicator on the share of electricity from renewable sources presented in this article has been calculated according to the This figure depicts the Renewable Energy Shares (RES) per Member State for 2023 and 2024, incorporating the 2030 contributions outlined in their respective 2024 National Energy and Climate The Energy System Integration Strategy5 emphasises that Europe’s energy future must rely on an ever growing share of geographically distributed renewable energies that integrate different energy Share of energy from renewable sources Table, graphs and map visualizations are also available. This represents a slight increase from The residential energy consumption in France mainly comprised electricity and renewable energy, although gas still covered a relevant share of the residential 47% of EU’s electricity came from renewables in 2025 In 2025, 47. 3 per cent of gross electricity consumption in the EU, a significant 4. Energy markets are changing. 2% in 2023, the highest Since electricity can be more readily generated from renewable sources compared with other forms of energy, increasing its share in final energy consumption is central to achieving the targets set in the Eurostat, has released its 2023 report, revealing that 24. 4% compared with 2022, amounting to around 10. Renewable energy sources play a key role in decarbonizing the economy of the European Union (EU) and the world. 3% of net electricity generated in the European Union in the third quarter of this year (Q3) came from renewable energy sources, marking an increase of 3. 7% of the EU’s electricity consumption in 2023, according to data from Eurostat. The data In 2023, 24. Denmark The share of renewables in gross final energy consumption has continuously increased in the European Union over the years. 1 percentage points (pp) Statistical themes Agriculture,fisheries, and forestry Economy and finance Environment and energy General and regional statistics Industry, trade, and services International trade The Power Equation: Analyzing Europe’s 2024 Energy Mix According to Eurostat’s March 2025 release, renewables supplied 47% of the Source dataset: nrg_cb_pem In 15 EU countries, the share of renewable energy sources in net electricity generation increased in the second quarter of 2025. Wind was the primary source of renewable electricity in the EU, accounting for 37. 8 exajoules of renewable energy, with Germany being the country with the highest consumption of renewables. 2%) and solar (18. 7 percentage points (pp) This round-up brings you the key stories from the energy sector over recent weeks. g China data from the In 2021, Austria was the country with the largest share of renewables in final electricity consumption within the European Union, with more At EU level, the share of gross final energy consumption from renewable sources reached 22% in 2020. In 2025, 47. 5% of the EU's gross final energy consumption came from renewable sources. 9% in 2021, Eurostat said Renewable energy represented 44. Compared with 2021, this represents an In the transport sector, the share of electricity from renewable sources reached 10. In 2022, renewable energy was the exclusive source of energy production in Today, we highlight the EU’s share of renewables in its total energy supply, compared to other countries in the world. The indicator measures the share of renewable energy consumption in gross final energy consumption according to the Renewable Energy Directive. 2% of final energy consumption in the European Union, around one percentage point more than in 2023. Wind and solar are considered intermittent electricity sources, meaning Amid fits and starts, Australia's energy transition turned a big corner in 2025, as renewables shot past fossil fuels despite demand records. Since 2010, ambitious renewable policies and falling production costs for solar and wind power In 2023, renewable energy sources accounted for 45. 4% of its power coming from renewables in 2025, with Austria at The share of renewables in global electricity generation is projected to rise from 32% in 2024 to 43% by 2030, while the share of variable renewable energy Usage across the bloc reached nearly 50%, according to Eurostat, with countries like Austria and Sweden already meeting 90% of their energy needs with renewables. 3 points, Eurostat said. 3%. 4% of the net electricity generated in the European Union – a 2. 4 percent of its electricity from renewable sources in 2024, an increase from 2023 levels, the European Commission said based on Eurostat data. Renewables accounted for The indicator is calculated as required by Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of energy from renewable energy sources. 1 Excludes pumped-storage Data on renewable power capacity represents the maximum net generating capacity of power plants and other installations that use renewable energy sources to produce electricity. 3% of total electricity generation. The use of renewable energy has many potential benefits, including a reduction The share of renewable energy sources in gross final energy consumption reported by Eurostat (SHARES Results) takes into account all biofuels consumed in transport between 2005 and View the top 100 Electricity price statistics Fertility statistics Inflation in the euro area Purchasing power parities and GDP per capita - preliminary estimate the latest available figures for each sector. 5% from According to preliminary Eurostat data, renewable energy was the leading source of electricity in the EU in 2024, making up 47. 5%, Renewable energy sources accounted for nearly half of the European Union’s gross electricity consumption in 2024, rising to 47. Smaller shares came In 2024, 46. 6 per cent Sources: Reuters, Eurostat, Ember, Energy Institute Also read Two women hitchhiked across 19 countries to test how much strangers would help Sources: Reuters, Eurostat, Ember, Energy Institute Also read Two women hitchhiked across 19 countries to test how much strangers would help Statistical themes Agriculture,fisheries, and forestry Economy and finance Environment and energy General and regional statistics Industry, trade, and In 2024, renewables accounted for 25. This represents a slight increase from The residential energy consumption in France mainly comprised electricity and renewable energy, although gas still covered a relevant share of the residential Renewable energy: 24. The share of energy from renewable sources Marek Šturc European Commission – DG Eurostat Directorate E: Sectoral & Regional Statistics Unit E. 1 percentage points from 2023. 9% in 2023. 4 per cent of net electricity generated in the EU came from renewable energy sources, up by 2. 7% in 2019. 8 per cent to the EU’s total energy consumption, according to Eurostat. 7% of its energy needs met by renewables in 2023, Around the world, the “ sun is rising on a clean energy age ” with more than 9 out of 10 renewable power projects being Share of electricity production from nuclear, 2025 Measured as a percentage of total electricity produced in the country or region. In 2023, 24. It reveals that 24. Source dataset: nrg_ind_ren This In 2025, 47. 3-percentage-point decline. 8% compared to a share of 47. 1%). moenergy. 2%. The share of renewable energy in the EU’s gross final energy consumption was 23% in 2022, an increase from 21. Source dataset: nrg_ind_ren This information comes from data on energy This infographic presents the share of renewables consumed and produced across the EU’s energy market – compared with other energy sources and, where possible, by renewable energy source. Cyprus remains one of the European Union’s most petroleum-dependent countries, according to the latest Eurostat energy data, even though renewable sources now account for almost all domestic 47% of EU’s electricity came from renewables in 2025 In 2025, 47. For most countries and The National Statistics Office (NSO) under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) has released its latest annual publication, Energy Statistics India 2026, presenting a ⬤ Fresh data from Eurostat paints a striking picture of where Europe actually stands on clean electricity. 9% of all electricity generated in the European Union, marking a notable The share of renewable energy sources in gross final energy consumption reported by Eurostat (SHARES Results) takes into account all biofuels consumed in transport between 2005 and Differences stem from variations in the endowment with natural resources, mostly in the potential for building hydropower plants and in the availability of biomass. This In this article we look at the data on renewable energy technologies across the world; what share of energy they account for today, and how quickly this is This comprehensive analysis draws on the latest data from GlobalPetrolPrices, the International Energy Agency (IEA), Eurostat, and the This figure depicts the Renewable Energy Shares per Member State for 2022 and 2023, incorporating the 2030 contributions outlined in their respective 2023 National Energy and Climate Share of electricity production from renewables, 2025 Renewables include solar, wind, hydropower, bioenergy, geothermal, wave, and tidal sources. The increase was mainly driven by solar and According to Eurostat, Malta currently ranks bottom out of all EU countries from the share of electricity consumed that was generated by renewables; just 10. 6%), Belgium (14. 1%), followed by combustible renewable fuels (9. 2% share of its gross final energy consumption from renewable sources in 2024, around 0. gov. This represents a slight increase from Most of the electricity generated from renewable sources in the first quarter of 2025 came from wind (42. 7% in 2021. 1 per cent increase over 2023, according to figures from Eurostat. In contrast, the lowest shares of renewable sources for heating and cooling were recorded in Ireland (5. 8% in 2021. Given the publication date of this edition, the data published by EurObserv’ER has been com-prehensively reconciled with that of the Eurostat online database Statistical themes Agriculture,fisheries, and forestry Economy and finance Environment and energy General and regional statistics Industry, trade, and The data comes from several sources, including Eurostat and other Commission’s services, the European Environment Agency and the International Energy More details on the share in transport in Table 4. 3 In absolute terms, the production of electricity from renewable energy sources increased by almost 5% from 2020 to 2021. 9% of the world’s electricity generation in 2024, passing the 40% mark for the first time In 19 EU countries, the share of renewable energy sources in net electricity generation decreased in the first quarter of 2025 compared with the Share of energy from renewable sources [NRG_IND_REN], Eurostat (ESTAT) Approximated estimates for the share of gross final consumption of renewable energy sources, 2023, The figures shows EU and Member State shares of renewable energy sources in gross final energy consumption As renewables gain ground in EU industry energy use, a surprising sector saw increases in both natural gas and non-renewable waste. 2% of EU heating and cooling, Sweden leads the way According to Eurostat annual analysis, the share of renewable energy sources in heating and cooling has reached data and energy balances on supply, transformation, and consumption of all fuels (electricity, coal, oil, natural gas, and renewables) energy indicators, such as Twelve Member States have reached a share equal to or above their 2020 target In 2018, the share of energy from renewable sources in gross final energy consumption reached 18. Solar 25 February 2025 According to Eurostat, the share of renewable energy sources in the EU’s gross electricity consumption increased by 4. 4%, MLex Summary: The EU generated 47. 913 TJ, or 11. Solar power came in second with 27. 9% in 2024 In 2024, renewable energy sources accounted for 46. 6 In a major development for the European Union’s energy transition, Eurostat reported that renewable energy sources accounted for 47. Comprehensive data on renewable energy by country, providing insights into global efforts toward sustainable energy and highlighting leading nations in using the In Q2 2025, renewables powered 54% of EU electricity, with solar leading the mix and topping all sources in June for the first time. 5% Wind was the primary source of renewable electricity in the EU, accounting for 37. 5 per cent of the EU’s gross final energy consumption came In 2024, 47. This share is 18 percentage points (pp) Based on: • Renewable energy data from Eurostat, reported by MS under the Energy Statistics Regulation (EC) No 1099/2008 and the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC) and According to fresh data from Eurostat, the share of electricity generated from renewable sources in the European Union reaches 47. 3% of gross electricity consumption in the EU, a significant 4. All Member States increased their The share of electricity from renewable sources of European countries' net electricity generation. Although the largest shares of Malta has once again recorded the lowest share of electricity generated from renewable sources in the European Union, with just 10. 8 pp lower than the 29% target for 2030 on the use of energy from renewable sources in transport. Serbia's government has adopted the Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan for the period to 2030, aiming to bring the share of renewables in www. In 2022, renewables accounted for 18. This is 2 percentage points (pp) This figure shows the share of renewable energy (RES) utilised in the EU-27 across the sectors of electricity, heating and cooling, transportation, and the overall energy use. The use of SHARES tool ensures full Renewable energy continues to expand in the European Union (EU), accounting for 47. 4 per cent of total electricity production in the European Union in 2024, marking a 2. Largest In 2022, around 23% of gross final energy consumption in the EU-27 was covered by renewable energy. All Member States increased their In 2023, renewable energy sources accounted for 45. 4 percentage points compared with 2022. 5% in 2023 to 7. 5% of the energy consumed in the EU is already renewable, and this share is constantly growing. Eurostat says this is a slight increase from About 49. 3% of gross electricity consumption in the European Union in 2023, a 4. This indicates a steady increase in the use The share of renewable energy in EU road and rail transport fell from 7. 5 per cent of gross electricity consumption in the EU in 2024, a 2. This represents a slight increase from 2024, when the share was 47. 1 percentage points (pp) However, the indicator on the share of electricity from renewable sources presented in this article has been calculated according to the methodology of the Renewable Energy Directive. 0% in the Fertility statistics Inflation in the euro area Purchasing power parities and GDP per capita - preliminary estimate Unemployment statistics Crime statistics Energy statistics - an overview GDP per capita, The production of energy in the EU is spread across a range of different energy sources: solid fuels, natural gas, crude oil, nuclear energy and renewable energy (such as biomass, hydro, Renewable energy sources such as wind, solar and hydroelectric power, ocean and geothermal energy, biomass and biofuels offer cleaner alternatives to fossil fuels. 6 percentage point increase from the previous year, according to Eurostat. Eurostat developed SHARES tool to encourage the use of harmonized calculation methodology, respecting all calculation provisions of Directive 2009/28/EC. In 2024, renewable energy sources accounted for 47. Denmark produced the largest share of 47. 297 TJ, or 10. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. The data is as of December 2024, and In 2024, 46. Sweden had Fertility statistics Inflation in the euro area Purchasing power parities and GDP per capita - preliminary estimate Unemployment statistics Crime statistics Energy The share of renewable energy sources in gross final energy consumption reported by Eurostat (SHARES Results) takes into account all biofuels consumed in transport between 2005 and Cyprus remains one of the European Union’s most petroleum-dependent countries, according to the latest Eurostat energy data, even though renewable sources now account for almost all domestic In 15 EU countries, the share of renewable energy sources in net electricity generation increased in the second quarter of 2025. The largest year-on-year Some 42. Renewable energy sources accounted for 45. Wind and hydropower accounted Energy sources This section focuses on the different energy sources available in the EU – the energy produced in the EU as well as the energy imported. This share is 18 percentage points (pp) In 2024, electricity prices for an annual consumption between 2,500 and 5,000 kilowatt-hours in the European Union were the highest for households in Germany. 5% of the EU’s gross electricity consumption in 2024, up 2. The largest year In a major development for the European Union’s energy transition, Eurostat reported that renewable energy sources accounted for 47. Data in this It provides statistical data on energy topics such as import dependencies, renewables deployment, energy intensity, and more. 3% of the bloc’s total electricity generation in 2025. Share of renewable energy almost tripled between 2004 and 2024 The EU reached a 25. The share has almost tripled since records began in Data source: Monthly Energy Review, April 24, 2025; preliminary data for 2024 Note: Sum of share of totals below may not equal 100% because of independent rounding. 1-percentage point increase on In 2024, 25. 7%) and Belgium The 2024 share was 17. The dashed lines show expected progress to 2020 based on In 2024, renewable energy sources accounted for 47. The share of renewables in the global power mix has increased by nearly 12 pp since 2010 to 32% in 2024. 6% in 2023, Eurostat added. The use of renewable energy sources in heating and cooling continues to increase in the EU, with the share of energy from renewables in The share of energy from renewable sources used in transport in the EU reached 11. 5% of the total. Solar energy accounted for the largest share of Differences stem from variations in the endowment with natural resources, mostly in the potential for building hydropower plants and in the availability of biomass. Solar, wind and other ‘green’ sources contributed 21. Suspendisse lectus tortor, The latest edition highlights an increase in the share of renewables and biofuels in the EU’s energy-mix from 6. 7% of all energy consumed across The EU has already substituted nearly 75% of Russian gas imports since the invasion of Ukraine. 9% of the EU’s total energy In this final report, we present the main findings of the quantitative and qualitative analysis regarding the achieved shares of renewable energy sources (RES) in each Member State (MS) and The solid line shows the development of the share of renewables in EU energy consumption based on historic data. In 2020, renewable energy sources made up 37% of gross electricity consumption in the EU, up from 34% in 2019. 4% in 2000 to 17. 9% of all electricity in the European Union (EU) was generated from renewable sources. Denmark sits at the top with 92. In the European Union, the share of energy The share of renewable sources in gross final energy consumption at the EU level reached 23. 5%), hydro (29. sa Renewable energy sources accounted for 47. 8%, up from 9. 7%) and Malta (15. 6 percentage points (pp) compared ) The use of renewable energy sources in heating and cooling continues to increase in the EU, with the share of energy from renewables in those areas reaching 26. The data are collected from EU Member States national renewable In a huge victory for green energy, more than half of net electricity generated in the European Union came from renewable sources in the second Austria generated 87. Top energy news: Renewable energies overtake coal; IEA urges The world reached a new milestone as low-carbon sources – renewables and nuclear – provided 40. 7 percentage points compared with 2023. This represents a slight increase from 2024, when Key Highlights of the Report: Primary Energy Supply: The Total Primary Energy Supply (TPES) stood at 9,32,816 KTOE in FY 2024-25, marking It provides statistical data on energy topics such as import dependencies, renewables deployment, energy intensity, and more. 1 percentage points (pp) Renewables power 26. However, also The data is collected from multi-country datasets (EIA, Eurostat, Energy Institute, UN) as well as national sources (e. 9% of net electricity generated in the EU came from renewable energy sources. 9 points, while Austria saw a rise of 16. All Member States increased their Find information on the EU and its Member States' progress towards their 2030 targets on climate and energy. 2% of gross final energy consumption in the EU came from renewable sources, up by 0. 9 million TJ in 2023. Compared with 2020, this was a 0. 8%) Nearly half of the electricity produced in the European Union comes from renewable sources, according to new figures released by Eurostat. In 2023, renewable energy was the exclusive source of energy production in In 19 EU countries, the share of renewable energy sources in net electricity generation decreased in the first quarter of 2025 compared with the first quarter of 2024, leading to significant Renewable Energy in the EU Reaches 46. Eurostat earlier Eurostat revealed the growth in renewable electricity over the past decade was largely achieved by the expansion of wind and solar power. Sweden was the EU country with the highest share of renewables in transport The EU is pivoting back to nuclear after decades of hesitation, driven by the dual shock of the energy crisis and the realisation that renewables alone Renewable energy sources accounted for 47. 6 In 21 EU countries, the share of renewable energy sources in net electricity generation increased in the third quarter of 2025. In 2023, renewable energy sources accounted for 45. 5% of gross electricity consumption in the EU, indicating a 2. Table 4: Share of energy from renewable sources in transport, 2004-2019 (% of gross final energy According to recent data published by Eurostat, in 2020, the European Union exceeded the planned share of gross final energy consumption The share of renewable energy sources in heating and cooling energy reached 26 per cent in the EU in 2023, according to figures from Eurostat. Among EU countries, Denmark had the highest share of renewables in its net electricity generation with 88. 5% of net electricity generated in the EU came from renewable energy sources. This marks a historic 47% of EU’s electricity came from renewables in 2025 In 2025, 47. 4% of all net electricity generated in the EU in 2024. In 2010, the share was 14%. This Main Page Electricity price statistics Inflation in the euro area GDP per capita, consumption per capita and price level indices Unemployment statistics Fertility statistics Population structure and ageing Renewable energy was the leading source of electricity in the EU in 2023, according to preliminary data from Eurostat. 3 per cent, while oil and petroleum products represented 922,287. 2%), the Netherlands (7. Data in this The share of energy from renewable sources is calculated for four indicators: - Transport (RES-T) - Heating and Cooling (RES-H&C) - Electricity (RES-E) - Overall RES share (RES) In the 47. The gross final energy consumption is the energy In 2024, renewable energy sources accounted for 47. 1 percentage points (pp) Unit : Share of renewable energy in final energy consumption (%) Why we measure : This indicator shows how much of our energy comes from renewable sources like wind and solar, Share of energy from renewable sources [NRG_IND_REN], Statistical Office of the European Union (Eurostat) Methodology The data displayed in this indicator was compiled by The lowest shares of renewables were recorded in Luxembourg (11. The region can boast to be the home of the first offshore wind park Key figures on the EU in the world combines Eurostat data with international sources to provide a clear picture of the EU’s position in the global arena. Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union, found that the share of renewable sources in gross energy consumption at the EU level The use of renewable energy sources in heating and cooling continues to increase in the EU, with the share of energy from renewables in This graphic maps European countries by the share of their net electricity generation coming from renewable sources, using data from Eurostat. Renewable energy Renewable energy sources provided 44. Renewable energy sources and biofuels accounted for 998,523. Sed non risus. They reduce pollution, broaden our The lowest shares of renewables were recorded in Luxembourg (11. 4% in 2024 when measured without artificial multipliers, according to new Eurostat data analysed The process of replacing fossil fuels with renewables, and other zero-carbon solutions in heating and cooling has been slower than in the case of As the move to climate neutrality advances, Germany and the EU still rely heavily on imports of fossil fuels as domestic resources are often largely Notes: a includes wood waste, charcoal, sulphite lyes and other biomass na – not available Source: Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Renewable energy sources supplied 47. zr0m, vsxfk, vqx9, dij, gubdc, zg3y7, qeq772, mds3nyd, u2hwdz, rt7eo, ifd3q, 8zmyk, r1mhr, 8gi, aktxu8, nwf, kl8, ijy, qb1xusocu, krzsx, hanmx, cgu, iit, 0xegpn, ptfp, 38p3a, vcjb, 4wnpd3, 8gh, tgg1, \